View source for Fake-news

[[Image:Fake-news-handbook.png|600px|thumb|right|[http://www.wnyc.org/story/breaking-news-consumer-handbook-fake-news-edition/]]
=DIGITAL ENGagement Conference=
<h4>Center for Worker Education--CUNY / 25 Broadway / New York N.Y.<br>
Sponsored by the M.S. program in Media Studies at Brooklyn College</h4>
<i>(This page also linked from: http://tinyurl.com/ccsu-fake-news</i>
<BR>
<big>This is a update of a page [http://newshare.com/wiki/index.php?title=NMLC-fake-news1 (SEE ORIGINAL)] first created for a breakout session of the [http://nmlc.comm.ccsu.edu/program/ Northeast Media Literacy Conference: The Past, Present and Future of Media Literacy Education] held on Sat., Feb. 4, 2017 at Central Connecticut State University in New Britain, Conn. You can listen to [http://newshare.com/greylockindependent/Nemlc-ccsu-02-04-17.mp3 AUDIO of Fake News plenary on Feb. 4]. You can also view [http://newshare.com/wiki/index.php/NMLC-fake-news-statement Notes of plenary-session discussion] as well as [http://newshare.com/wiki/index.php/NMLC-fake-news-session Notes of subsequent breakout sessions].  The session in Connecticut was called: [http://nmlc.comm.ccsu.edu/program/unconference/ Defining the Fake News Moment: Fiction, Fad, Fatal or Media Lit Opportunity?]. Participants were Katherine Fry, Allison Butler, Mellisa Zimdars and Bill Densmore. </big>

=<b>The situation</b>=
<big>In the last seven months, our political discourse has been infected by a new term: “Fake News.”  In a 70-minute, circle-round session, we’ll probe the limits of what the term might mean, and how it might be an opportunity to mainstream media-literacy education.  We’ll drive toward a consensus statement, addressing such questions as: How do current concepts of “fake” news differ from what was published by 18th-century pamphleteers, or 1960s supermarket tabloids?  Is news “fake” based on point of view only, or because it reports as facts things that are demonstrably untrue? Is it only “fake” if its intention is to mislead? Who defines “mislead?”  In an age when all of us can be reporters via our Facebook feed, do we all need tutoring on how to create — and consume — trustworthy reporting and information? In social media, is news now anything more than verified gossip? Who is the trusted verifier? Our “conversation catalysts” will start the discussion, then we’ll invite all to to participate. <br><br></big>

=<b>Updates since Feb. 4</b>=
<big><ul>
<li>[https://www.cjr.org/criticism/fake_news_trump_white_house_cnn.php Has Donald Trump killed the term 'fake news'?] (Columbia Journalism Review)
<li>[https://www.recode.net/2017/2/12/14591522/apple-ceo-tim-cook-tech-launch-campaign-fake-news-fact-check Tech should launch counter-attack on fake news, Apple's CEO says]
<li>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/0/fake-news-origins-grew-2016/ Origins and definitions of 'fake news'] | The Telegraph, London
<li>[https://theconversation.com/you-are-the-new-gatekeeper-of-the-news-71862 You are the New Gatekeeper of the News] | Aly Colon, Washington & Lee Univ. 
<li>[https://theconversation.com/techniques-of-19th-century-fake-news-reporter-teach-us-why-we-fall-for-it-today-75583 Techniques of 19th-century fake news reporter teach us why we fall for it today]
<li>[http://www.poynter.org/2017/google-is-now-highlighting-fact-checks-in-search/454668/ Google is now highlighting fact checks in search]
<li>[http://www.iberkshires.com/story/54220/Fake-News-Not-New-But-Can-Be-Combatted-Panel.html Fake news not new but cam be combatted: Panel]
<li>[http://nationalpress.org/topic/understanding-and-combating-fake-news/?st=0&t=&mm=Video VIDEO: Understanding and Combating Fake News] (National Press Foundation) 
<li>[https://www.knightfoundation.org/reports/how-youth-navigate-the-news-landscape How Youth Navigate the News Landscape] -- (Knight foundation report) 
<li>[https://www.rjionline.org/stories/trust-us-your-news-consumers-really-want-to-talk-to-you-about-trust Memo to publishers: News consumers really do want to talk to you about trust]


<br><br>
</ul>

=<b>What do we mean by 'fake news'?"</b>=
<ul>
<li>[http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/07/business/media/medias-next-challenge-overcoming-the-threat-of-fake-news.html NYTIMES: Media's next challenge -- overcoming the thread of fake news]<BR>
<big>EXCERPT: “It’s the biggest crisis facing our democracy, the failing business model of real journalism,” Senator Claire McCaskill, Democrat of Missouri and a longtime critic of fake news, told me on Saturday. Ms. McCaskill said that “journalism is partly to blame” for being slow to adjust as the internet turned its business model upside down and social media opened the competitive floodgates. “Fake news got way out ahead of them,” she said.</big>
<br>
</ul><br>
<h2>"Fake news" -- A metaphor for all that ails our media ecosystem?</h2>
<li>Lack of facts / alternate facts
<li>A partisan intent to mislead through hoaxes
<li>Comedy, satire masquerading as real 
<li>Undisclosed/obfuscated point of view -- an opportunity for media-literacy educators? 
<BR>
<h2><br>THE RESULTS:<BR></h2>
<li>A robust, liberating cacaphony of voices -- but who are they and what motivates them? 
<li>The decline of trusted "gatekeepers"  (See: [http://newshare.com/report.pdf RJI report)]
<li>Do we need a new paradigm for trusted information (See: [https://informationtrust.wordpress.com/mission/ infotrust.org)]<BR>
<BR>
<h2>POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS:<BR></h2>
<LI>[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rcWBVN8mC3rRTIT3SpxHUU51dMfT5GLgiarmmTfJaFM/edit the 21st Century Journalism Code project]
<li>[http://www.pcmag.com/news/353106/craigslist-founder-craig-newmark-has-a-plan-to-save-journali CraigsList founder has a plan to save journalism] |
 [http://www.insidephilanthropy.com/home/2017/1/11/craig-newmark-philanthropy-journalism CRAIG NEWMARK: I'm joining the fight against fake news" -- Inside Philanthropy]
<li>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/its-time-to-retire-the-tainted-term-fake-news/2017/01/06/a5a7516c-d375-11e6-945a-76f69a399dd5_story.html Margaret Sullivan, Washington Post: "It's time to (just) retire the tainted term "fake news"] | Jan. 8, 2017
<li>[https://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/2016/12/27/fighting-fake-news/ How libraries can lead the way] | American Libraries Magazine
<li>[http://youthtoday.org/2017/01/media-literacy-help-youth-think-critically-in-age-of-fake-news/ Helping Youth Think Critically in an Age of Fake News] | Youth Today (online)

<br><br>
<br>Also see: [https://www.rit.edu/news/story.php?id=49409 Frank Romano] (RIT emeritus) published, 1990 in TypeWorld: [http://newshare.com/images/romano.jpg "We are the Press"]
<br>

<br>
==CONVENING QUESTIONS:==
<h3>What consensus statement can we reach about news, trust, community and citizenship in a media-literate society?
</h3>
<ul><ul><big>
<li>What do we mean by fake news?
<li>What do we do about it? 
<li>What roles must media-literacy educators -- and the public -- play? 
<li>Allison Butler: How to bring subject of "truth" into classroom? 
<li>Allison Butler: Who is on charge of "the truth" and how can youth make sense of it?
<br><br></big>
</ul></ul>

==RESOURCES==
<ul><ul>
<li>[http://www.nydailynews.com/authors?author=Shaun-King Shaun King] a [http://www.mediaite.com/online/new-york-daily-news-hires-columnist-blacklivesmatter-activist-shaun-king/ New York Daily News] social-justice writer, and former civics teacher [http://static01.mediaite.com/med/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Shaun-King1-e1440092670720.jpg (photo)]: "Get to know your personal news sources"/ [http://www.berkshireeagle.com/stories/overflow-crowd-comes-to-hear-shaun-king,497258 (at Williams College)] / [https://twitter.com/ShaunKing on twitter]
<li>[http://www.wnyc.org/story/breaking-news-consumer-handbook-fake-news-edition/ AUDIO: On the Media: Breaking News Consumers Handbook -- How to detect untrustworthy news] / [https://media2.wnyc.org/i/800/800/l/80/1/OTM_Consumer_Handbook_FakeNewsEdition_800.png PRINT IMAGE]
<li>[http://www.niemanlab.org/collection/harvard-event/ NIEMAN LAB: Journalism in a Post-Truth Era: A Harvard Event] \ [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNk_7vT5G14&feature=youtu.be LAUNCH VIDEO]
<li>CURRICULUM RESOURCE: [https://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/internet/fake-news-conspiracy-theories-journalism-research Fake news and the spread of misinformation -- Shorenstein Center at Harvard]</big>
<li>CURRICULUM RESOURCE: [http://www.merrimack.edu/live/profiles/586-melissa-mish-zimdars Mellisa Zimdars,] assistant professor of communication and media at Merrimack College is working with a team of librarians and computer programmers to create tools for navigating “news” websites through an OpenSources project called [http://www.niemanlab.org/2016/11/the-fake-news-wars-go-viral-with-melissas-list/ <i>Melissa's List</i>]
<li>CURRICULUM RESOURCE: [http://journalism.uoregon.edu/news/sojc-facultys-tips-for-spotting-fake-news/ Univ. of Oregon: Tips for how to spot fake news]
<li>CURRICULUM RESOURCE: [http://eugene.libguides.com/fake-news How to tell credible news from "fake news" (Eugene Public Library) 
<li>CURRICULUM RESOURCE: [http://www.niemanlab.org/2017/03/here-are-more-than-100-ideas-from-around-the-world-on-how-news-organizations-can-get-involved-in-news-literacy-initiatives-for-kids/ One-hundred ideas for getting involved in news literacy for kids] (Nieman Lab) 
<li>[https://www.rjionline.org/stories/trust-us-your-news-consumers-really-want-to-talk-to-you-about-trust Seeking Truth Among Alternative Facts]

<br>
<br>
</ul></ul>
===Our “conversation catalysts” include:===
<ul><ul><big>
<li>[https://www.umass.edu/communication/people/profile/allison-butler Allison Butler,] who runs the media-literacy certificate program and teaches at UMass-Amherst
<li>[http://mediaeducationlab.com/about/yonty-jonathan-friesem Yonty (Jonathan) Friesem,] assistant professor, Central Connecticut State University
<li>[http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/web/academics/faculty/faculty_profile.jsp?faculty=530 Katherine Fry,] a journalism scholar and co-founder of a media literacy organization who teaches graduate media-literacy education at CUNY-Brooklyn
<li>[http://mediaeducationlab.com/about/renee-hobbs Renee Hobbs,] professor, Univ. of Rhode Island and founding diector, [http://mediaeducationlab.com/ URI Media Education Lab]
<li>[http://tinyurl.com/densmore Bill Densmore], a director of [http://www.journalismthatmatters.org Journalism That Matters] and a research fellow of the [http://www.rjionline.org Donald W. Reynolds Journalism Institute] at the Missouri School of Journalism.  
</big><br>
<br>
</ul></ul>

==[https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B87Bd6VlF6wbdFRDVk9PMm8ybFU?usp=sharing ACCESS BACKGROUND MATERIALS]==
<ul>
BELOW FROM: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/11/opinion/online-and-scared.html
<br><br>
<big>EXCERPT FROM A COLUMN BY THOMAS FRIEDMAN: <BR>
<BR>
It’s a huge legal, moral and strategic problem, and it will require . . . “a new social compact” to defuse.
<BR>
Work on that compact has to start with every school teaching children digital civics. And that begins with teaching them that the internet is an open sewer of untreated, unfiltered information, where they need to bring skepticism and critical thinking to everything they read and basic civic decency to everything they write.
<BR>
A [https://ed.stanford.edu/news/stanford-researchers-find-students-have-trouble-judging-credibility-information-online Stanford Graduate School of Education study] published in November found “a dismaying inability by students to reason about information they see on the internet. Students, for example, had a hard time distinguishing advertisements from news articles or identifying where information came from. … One assessment required middle schoolers to explain why they might not trust an article on financial planning that was written by a bank executive and sponsored by a bank. The researchers found that many students did not cite authorship or article sponsorship as key reasons for not believing the article.”
<BR>
Prof. Sam Wineburg, the lead author of the report, said: “Many people assume that because young people are fluent in social media they are equally perceptive about what they find there. Our work shows the opposite to be true.”
</big>
</ul>
<br>

==OTHER RELATED LINKS==
<li>STANFORD STUDY: [https://techcrunch.com/2016/11/22/most-students-cant-tell-fake-news-from-real-news-study-shows/ Most students can't tell fake news from real news]
<li>WIRED MAGAZINE: [https://www.wired.com/2017/02/journalism-fights-survival-post-truth-era/ Journalism Fights for Surviva in a Post-Truth Era]
<li>THE GUARDIAN: [https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/feb/22/newspapers-viral-stories-fake-news-cyclist If newspapers won't check viral stories, who will listen to them about 'fake news'?]
<li>YOUTHTODAY.ORG: [http://youthtoday.org/2017/01/media-literacy-help-youth-think-critically-in-age-of-fake-news/ Help Youth Think Critically in Age of 'Fake News']
<li>MICHAEL ORESKES/NPR: [http://mediagiraffe.org/pdf/ona-oreskes-10-19-07.pdf "Audiences, Citizens and the Future of Journalism"] -- Speech Oct. 19, 2007 at ONA Toronto 
<li>MICHAEL COPPS / FCC: [https://www.fcc.gov/document/getting-media-right-call-action-fcc-commissioner-michael-j-copps Getting Media Right: A call to Action] -- Speech, Dec. 2, 2010, NYC
<li>[http://greylockindependent.com/2017/01/verbatim-howard-dean-failure-american-media-call-donald-trumps-campaign-untruths/ HOWARD DEAN: On the failure of American media to call out Donald Trump's campaign untruths -- Jan. 12/Williams College]
<li>[http://digiday.com/publishers/underbelly-internet-fake-news-gets-funded/ DIGIDAY: Internet's underbelling: How digital advertising feeds fake news]
<li>[http://marketingland.com/google-might-not-able-stop-fake-news-198755 MARKETINGLAND: Why Google may not be able to stop fake news]
<li>[https://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/internet/fake-news-conspiracy-theories-journalism-research Shorenstein Center's academic resources and reports on 'fake news']
<li>[http://digiday.com/publishers/underbelly-internet-fake-news-gets-funded/ Digiday: How content ad networks fund fake news]
<li>[http://www.netnewscheck.com/article/57294/cnn-battles-trump-over-what-its-story-unleashed/ AP story summarizes Trump-CNN dispute over Russian report]
<li>[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/11/upshot/the-real-story-about-fake-news-is-partisanship.htm NYTimes, Amanda Taub: "The Real Story about Fake News is Partisanship"]
<li>TECH: [https://www.theverge.com/2016/12/6/13850230/fake-news-sites-google-search-facebook-instant-articles How Facebook and Google technologies make lies as pretty as truth] | The Verge
<li>TECH: [http://marketingland.com/google-might-not-able-stop-fake-news-198755 Why Google may not be able to stop fake news] | MarketingLand 
<li>[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jan/12/bbc-sets-up-team-to-debunk-fake-news The BBC is setting up a team to detect and debunk so-called 'fake news']
<LI>[http://www.poynter.org/2016/craig-newmark-foundation-gives-poynter-1-million-to-fund-chair-in-journalism-ethics/442301/ Craig Newmark gives $1M to Poynter Institute to help with ethics and 'fake news' challenge] | [http://www.insidephilanthropy.com/home/2017/1/11/craig-newmark-philanthropy-journalism SECOND STORY/Inside Philanthropy]
<br>
<li>[http://www.poynter.org/2017/what-does-a-news-organization-optimized-for-trust-look-like/446258/ What does a news organization optimized for trust look like?]
<li>[http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/01/fake-news-technology VANITY FAIR: Preparing for 2016 -- an environment of even more-scary fake news?]
<li>[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/technology/google-facebook-fake-news.html NYTIMES: In race against fake news, Google and Facebook stroll to the starting line]
<li>[https://www.cjr.org/analysis/fake-news-facebook-audience-drudge-breitbart-study.php COLUMBIA JOURNALISM REVIEW: Is fake news a fake problem?]
<li>[https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/31/facebook-authentic-news/ TECHCRUNCH: Facebook changes algorithms to avoid posts that are fake, promotional or spam]
<li>[http://www.theverge.com/2016/12/6/13850230/fake-news-sites-google-search-facebook-instant-articles THE VERGE: How Facebook and Google content technologies make lies as pretty as truth]
<li>[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jan/30/the-big-journalism-void-the-real-crisis-is-not-technological-its-geographic THE GUARDIAN: The real crisis in journalism is geographic]
<BR>
<br>
<h2>THE ETHICS OF JOURNALISM? -- SELECTED RESOURCES</h2>
<li>Walter Williams: [https://journalism.missouri.edu/tabbed-content/creed-2/ The Journalist's Creed]
<li>American Society of News Editors: [http://asne.org/content.asp?contentid=171 Statement of Principles]
<li>BOOK: [https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/the-new-ethics-of-journalism/book237074 <i>New Ethics of Journalism</i>] by Kelly McBride and Tom Rosenstiel 
<li>Society of Professional Journalists: [https://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp Code of Ethics]
<li>[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rcWBVN8mC3rRTIT3SpxHUU51dMfT5GLgiarmmTfJaFM/edit The 21st Century Journalism Code project]